Computing machine



Jan. 12, 1943. E, MARQUESS 2,308,292

COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 28, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet l ZOO-{OZ INVENTOR lgqrle Marquess Jan. 12, 1943. Q E. MARQL-JESS COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 28, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR. Earle Ma rquess.

ATTORNEY.

Jan. 12, 1943. E. MARQUESS 2,308,292

COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 28, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet Z 137 INVENTOR.

130 Earlr Marquess.

Jan. 12, 1943. E. MARQUESS COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 28, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. BY Earle Ma fl r uess ATTORNEY.

Jan. 12, 1943. E. MARQUESS 2,308,292

COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 28, 1959 6 Sheefcs-Sheet 5 .59 l 171 233 m -r-- 25 u 2 (:0) 234' K22 a Q1 m INVENTOR lgqrle Marguess [6% ATTO R N EY Jan. 12, 1943. Q E. MARQUESS 2,308,292

IN VEN TOR. Earle Mar uess.

' ATTORNEY? Patented Jan. 12, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COMPUTING MACHINE Earle Marquess, Covington,

Ky., assignor to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware 6 Claims.

This invention relates to adding machines, and more particularly to automatic cycling mechanism therefor.

' The primary object of the invention is to provide a construction'whereby operation of a single manipulative member, such as a total key, immediately following the setting up of an amount on the keyboard, will cause the machine tooperate through three cycles; the first cycle accumulating the amount set up on the keyboard, the second cycle preparing the machine for the taking of a positive or negative total, and the third cycle resetting the totalizer and printing the total on the work sheet.

With this and incidental objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in appended claims, and a preferred embodiment of which is hereinafter described with reference to the drawings which accompany and form part of the specification.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspectiveview of an adding machine on which the invention is adapted to be used,

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view of the keyboard thereof,

Figure 3 is a fragmental right side elevation of a machine embodying the features of my invention, the parts being shown in the positions occupied after the entry of an amount in the keyboard of the machine,

Figure 4 is a view generally similar to Figure 1 with some of the parts omitted, the mechanism occupying an intermediate position, in the course of an operation,

Figure 5 is a fragmental right side elevation of the machine, showing the type bars and related parts,

Figure 6 illustrates the means employed to control engagement of the register with its actuating racks.

Figure '7 is a fragmental front elevation of parts of the mechanism to control the difierential movement of the type bars, and parts of the mechanism to enforce a blank cycle before taking a total,

Figure 8 is an enlarged left side elevation of certain of the mechanism illustrated in Figure 7,

Figure 9 is a fragmental plan view of some of the structure shown in Figure 7,

Figure 10 is a right side elevation of the motor bar and total key structure.

showing the parts in the position occupied Just after the total key latch is released, but before the total key is allowed to rise, during a total taking cycle,

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the motor bar and total key, together with their related connections, and I Figures 13 and 14 areenlarged detail views of certain of the parts shown in Figure 12.

The invention is disclosed in connection with a machine of the character disclosed in United States Patents Nos. 1,198,487, 1,583,102, 1,925,735, 1,934,747, 1,965,611 and 2,088,982.

Operating mechanism The machine is operated by an electric motor I (Figure 1) through a suitable clutch such as disclosed in Patent No. 1,925,735 connecting the motor with a main drive shaft 26 (Figures 3, 4, 6 and 8). Operation of the motor is controlled by a motor bar 6| (Figure 12) having an extension 2 connected to an arm I of a rod 5 extending across the front of the machine (see also Patent No. 1,925,735). An upwardly directed arm 6 of rod 5 is connected to a link 7 extending to the rear of the machine, where it controls the engaging and disengaging of the clutch and the starting and stopping of the motor.

By these parts, depression of motor bar 6| against the tension of a spring 8 causes the machine to operate through one cycle. However, if the motor bar is held depressed so that the tension of spring 8 is not effective to return it, and parts 2, 6 and I at the end of the operation, the machin continues operating so long as the motor bar is held depressed.

Operation of the motor causes the drive shaft 26 to oscillate counter-clockwise, then clockwise (Figure 3), once during each machine cycle.

Indexing, differential and printing mechanisms The following mechanisms are similar to the corresponding mechanisms disclosed in Patents Nos. 1,583,102 and 1,965,611, so that explanation thereof will be made only in a general way.

Amounts to be entered in the machine are indexed on the amount keys (Figure 1), which, through a vertical row of horizontally disposed push pins 9 (Figure 9), set index pins 42 to the rear a distance suflicient for their rear ends to lie in the plane of a series of rods 46 (Figures 5, 7 and 9). Rods 46 are s lidable vertically in a frame 41, in turn slidable along a rod ll (Figure 7) from left to right in the machine. Rods 46 are Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 10 but connected, at their lower ends, to arms 45, pivoted to type. bars 3 mounted for vertical movement in the machine. A series of type I2 are carried by each type bar to cooperate with a platen I3 to print amounts and totals. A series of hammers I4 and their customary controls are provided to effect printing. Two sets of racks I26 and I30 are suspended from arms I3I extending rearwardly from type bars 3, to actuate a totalizer having a series of pinions I25 mounted on a shaft I26. The type bars and actuating racks ar raised and lowered by levers I6 connected to type bars 3, levers I6 in turn being actuated by drive shaft 26 (Figure 6). The connection between shaft 26 and levers I6 includes arm 24, a link 23 pivoted to arm 24 and to a rod 31 connecting two similar levers I6 pivoted on a rod I6. Levers I9 are flexibly connected to levers I by parts fully disclosed in Patent No. 1,965,611,

As the amount keys are depressed, a suitable escapement causes frame 41 to move from left to right (Figures 7 and 9) one step for each amount key depressed, placing rods 46, one at a time, beneath the set pins 42. Also, the push pins move from left to right with frame 41, so that only one pin 42 in each vertical row may be set.

As the first amount key is depressed, a suitable connection moves lever 364 (Figure 9) clockwise about its pivot I to move a plate 366 clockwise (as viewed in Figure 9) a slight extent about its pivot 31. Movement of plate 366 clockwise (rearwardly in the machine) moves the forward end 48 of a plate 48 rearwardly in the machine. As shown in Figure 6, plate 46 is pivotally connected to a frame 46 composed of two similar members, one on each side of the machine, pivoted on a rod I6 and connected by a rod I63 for uniform movement. A spring 46' tends to move plate 46 forward, but is prevented, by a spring detent I1, from doing so after it is moved rearwardly by plate 360.

Rearward movement of plate 46 places the end 48' (Figure 9) above rods 46, so that during the printing of an item only the rods that are moved to the right of the plate are permitted to rise during the machine cycle. In this manner, only the type bars necessary to print the digits of an indexed number are allowed to rise from their zero positions.

Totalizer engaging and disengaging mechanism To engage and disengage the totalizer with the actuating racks I26 and I36, shaft I26 (Figure 6) is moved forwardly and rearwardly in the machine (left and right in Figure 6). To shift the totalizer in this manner, arm 24 carries a plate I54 having pivoted thereto at I53 a pawl I52. This pawl engages studs I66 and I61 on the initial and return strokes of the drive shaft to oscillate a plate I46 carrying studs I56 and I51, first counter-clockwise, then clockwise during each machine cycle. Oscillation of plate I46 moves a stud I8, embraced by a cam slot in plate I46, and a link I to the left and then to the right, stud I6 being carried by a link I4I" pivoted at I 4|", and connecting the forward end of link I4I with link I4I. Link I at its rear end has two notches to cooperate with two studs I44 and I45 on one of two similar levers I36 secured to a shaft I46 journaled in the machine frame. Two identical links I31 connect levers I36 with the totalizer shaft I26. During adding operations, link I is connected with stud I45, so that movement of link I H to the left, at the beginning of an operation, moves the totalizer from the position shown in Figure 6, where it is engaged with the adding racks I36, to its disengaged p 61- tion, where it lies midwaybetween racks I26 and I36. Movement of link I to the right at the beginning of the second half of the cycle returns the totalizer to the position shown in Figure 6.

Depression of the subtraction key (Figure 1), by connections disclosed in Patent No. 1,665,611, tensions the rear end of link I 4| upwardly, so that when it is given its movement to the left at the beginning of an operation, the upper notch in the link engages stud I44. The subsequent movement of link Hi to the right thereupon moves the totalizer into engagement with racks I26 for subtracting.

The same parts are used for engaging and disengaging the totalizer with the actuating racks for taking both positive and negative totals, with the exception. however, that a cam plate I64, loosely pivoted 0n drive shaft 26, cooperates with a roller I66 on plate I46 to disengage the totalizer,

.and a stud I66 coopera es with an arm I61 of cam plate I64 to engage the totalizer at the end of the operation, as will be explained in detail later.

Adding and subtracting To add, an item is indexed on the keyboard and the motor bar depressed. Oscillation of drive shaft 26 (Figure 6), through pawl I62 and stud I56, disen'gages the totalizer from the actuating racks. During the remainder of the first half of the cycle, type bars 3 (Figure5) rise difl'erentially under control of the index pins 42 (Figures '7 and 9), actuating racks I26 and I36 rising with the type bars. At the beginning of the last half of the cycle, pawl I62 (Figure'6) engages stud I51, returning plate I46, link I.

lever I36, link I 31 and the totalizer to their position shown in Figure 6, where it is engaged with the adding racks I36. During the remainder of the last half of the cycle, the type bars and actuating racks are lowered to the position shown in Figure 5, entering on the totalizer the amount indexedpn the keyboard.

For subtracting, the same movements take place except that at the beginning of the last half of the cycle, due to the fact that the rear end of link M is tensioned upwardly by depression of the subtract key, the link is engaged with stud I44 instead of stud I45, engaging the totalizer with subtracting racks I26. This rotata the totalizer in the opposite direction, causing the number indexed on the keyboard to be subtracted from the totalizer.

Means of enforcing a blank cycle before taking a total V In order that any of the parts of the transfer mechanism that were tripped during the last accumulating operation may be restored, and in order that the totalizer may be engaged with the proper set of racks I36 or I26 for taking a positive or negative total, a means is provided for enforcing a blank cycle before a total can be taken. To do this, it is only necessary to hold all the rods 46 (Figures 5, 7, 8 and 6) against rising during the cycle. This is accomplished by leaving the end 46' of plate 46, at the end of an accumulating operation, in its rear position where it overlies rods 46, it being remembered that depression of the first amount key in indexing an amount moves plates 366 and 46 into their rear positions. With plate 46 in its rear position, if no amount keys are depressed, all the rods 46 lie under the plate, so that during operation of the machine the type bars are held from rising.

During such a blank operation, as explained in Patent No. 1,583,102, plate 48 is moved forwardly to its position shown in Figure 9, so that a total can be taken in the following operation.

Taking a total In taking a total, the total key 88 is depressed. Depression of this key, through its stem 88 (Figure 12), depresses a plate 88 secured thereto. A bar 82, secured to plate 88 and overlying link 2, causes depression of the total key to simultaneously depress the motor bar BI and start the machine.

Depression of total key 88 also lowers a stud I1I, connected thereto, from its position directly beneath a lever I12, and stretches a spring I18 connected to lever I12 and to a stud I18 on plate Movement of plate 48' forwardly to its position shown in Figure 9, during the preceding blank cycle, moved frame 48 (Figures 3 and 8) forward with it. Referring to Figure 3, forward movement of frame 48, through rod I88, moved a lever I81 counter-clockwise about its pivot 28 by reason of the end of rod I83 lying within a slot in lever I81. This movement of lever I81 caused a flange I8I thereon to strike pawl I82, and moved it sufficiently to prevent it from cooperating with stud I58 at the beginning of the total taking operation. Therefore, the totalizer remains engaged with the actuating racks during the first portion of the operation, allowing the actuating racks and type bars to be moved dif Ierentially under control of the totalizer wheels.

To disengage the totalizer after the wheels are returned to zero by the differential upward movement of the racks, the following mechanism is provided to move plate I48 (Figure 3) counter-clockwise by counter-clockwise movement of cam plate I84, as mentioned above, at the beginning of the second half of the total taking cycle. I

A cam lever I88, having a slot I88 and pivoted at I18, embraces rod 81 and is provided on its lower edge with a notch I8I (Figure 4). Another cam lever I11 also is pivoted at I18 and is tensioned counter-clockwise by a spring I18. Lever I11 has a cam edge I11 that bears against the lower side of rod 31 under the tension of spring I18 and has a short cam slot I82, in its lower edge, and a hook I85 at its upper end. A lever I8I (Figure 3) is pivoted on a rod I82 and is tensioned counter-clockwise by a spring I82, the counter-clockwise movement of the lever be-, ing controlled by rod 31 upon which the lower edge of the lever rests. Lever I8I carries a stud I84, which normally lies out of the path of hook I85.

During accumulating operations and during the blank cycle preceding a total taking cycle, in other words, during the operations in which frame 18 is in its rear-position, as shown in Figure 3, a stud I88 on lever I81 lies in its rear position shown in Figure 3. During these operations, the forward movement of rod'31, during the first half of the machine cycle, allows lever IBI to move a suiiicient distance counter-clock wise to bring stud I84 into the path of hook I85. Then upon rod 31 reaching its forward extremity, where it moves lever I88 counter-clockwise, because of the configuration of the left end of cam slot I88, notch I9I is placed directly above a stud I88 secured to the rear end of lever I12 and resting on the lower edge of lever I11.

However, since stud I84 is in the path of hook I88, lever I11 is held against any substantial counter-clockwise movement from its position shown in Figure 3. Stud I88, therefore, does not rise into notch I8I, but remains held in its lower position by lever I11. Lever I12 is thereby held against operation during these cycles if the total key 88 is depressed, tensioning spring I18 (Figures l0, l1 and 12) and thereby tensioning lever I12 counter-clockwise.

During a total taking cycle, however, frame 48 and lever I81 (Figure 3) are in their forward positions where stud I88 lies directly under the forward end of lever I8I. Therefore, as soon as rod 21 begins its forward movement, lever I11 begins moving counter-clockwise, and since the total key 88 is depressed, spring I18 is stretched, tensioning stud I88 upwardly toward the lower edge of lever I88. As rod 81 completes its forward movement, lever I88 moves counter-clockwise, as mentioned above, placing notch I8I above stud I88. Since lever I11 has moved counter-clockwise, stud I88 is permitted to rise into notch I8I, whereupon further counter-clockwise movement of lever I11 moves slot I82 therein into engagement with stud I88, looking the stud in notch I8I. This rising of stud I88 is accompanied by a sufiicient rising of the rear portion of lever I12 to place a shoulder I88 thereon immediately behind a stud I84 on cam plate I84.

During the first part of the return movement of shaft 28, rod 81 moves lever I88 clockwise to its position shown in Figure 4, moving stud I88 1 and lever I12 forwardly. This causes shoulder I88 to move stud I84 and cam plate I84 forwardly, moving plate I48 counter-clockwise, as desired, to disengage the totalizer from the actuating racks before they are lowered to their normal positions. The totalizer now stands at zero.

During the remainder of the return movement of shaft 28, rod 81 is moved to the rear, moving lever I11 clockwise to its position shown in Figure 3. This cams stud I88 downwardly out of notch I8I, whereupon a spring I15, connected to lever I12, pulls the lever and stud I88 to the rear to their positions shown in Figure 3. During the last portion of the' return movement of shaft 28, stud I88, extending through arm 24, strikes arm I81 of cam plate I84, and moves the plate clockwise, moving plate I48 clockwise to its position shown in Figure 3, and leaving the totalizer engaged with the actuating racks at the end of the operation.

Taking a negative total taken. This mechanism is fully disclosed in Patent No. 2,088,982.

Three cycle operation by depression of total key The customary procedure in adding the last one of a, list of items, and taking a total, is to index the item on the amount keyboard, press the motor bar to accumulate the item, and either hold the motor bar depressed or re-depress it for a second. cycle. The total key is then depressed and the motor bar again depressed to 7 take the total.

To shorten this procedure, mechanism is herein provided that makes it possible to obtain the above result simply by depressing the total key after the last item is indexed on the amount keyboard, the machine thereupon accumulating the last item, operating through the blank cycle and taking the total, in three uninterrupted operations, at the end of which the total key rises and the machine stops.

The mechanism for accomplishing this result includes the above described plate 58 (Figure 12) and bar 62 that causes depression of the total key to depress the motor bar 6|. Further, a detent 234, pivoted on a rod 233 and tensioned counter-clockwise by a, spring 22, is provided to engage a hook 58, secured to stem 59 of total key 60 by a screw 25 and by stud Ill, to hold the total key depressed.

By these parts, depression of the total key, after the last item is indexed on the amount keyboard, stretches spring IT to tension the rear end of lever I12 upwardly, and depresses the motor bar to start the machine, hook 58' catching under detent 234 to hold the total key depressed. During the first ensuing cycle the indexed amount is accumulated in the totalizer. Then, since total key 60 and motor bar 6| are still held in their depressed positions, the machine immediately operates through a blank cycle. Although the total key is depressed, the total is not taken during this cycle because of the above described mechanism for enforcing a blank cycle before total taking. It might also be noted that during these two cycles the totalizer engaging mechanism operates, as in ordinary accumulating operations, under control of pawl I52 (Figure 3),

, since frame 48 and lever II! are in their rear positions shown in this figure, where flange l6l does not disable pawl I52 and where stud I" is not in a position to prevent stud I from engaging with hook I85. During the third cycle, the total is taken in the manner explained above, the forward end of lever I12 striking detent I and moving it forward at thebeginning of the second half of the cycle when lever H2 is moved by lever I88. This releases the total key and motor bar to allow the machine to come to rest at the end of the third cycle.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described is admirably adapted to fulfill the objects primarily stated, it is to be understood that it is not intended to confine the invention to the one form of embodiment herein disclosed, for it is susceptible of embodiment in various forms, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine of the class described, a totalizer, actuating racks therefor, a manipulative member, means for holding the manipulative means including a manipv'ative total control member, and means controlled Jointly by Operation of an amount key and of the manipulative control member to cause the machine operating mechanism to eflect three cycles of operation uninterruptedly, when cycling is initiated by operation of said manipulative member directly fol- Qlowing operation of an amount key. the three member in operated position, means for disengaging the totalizer from the actuating racks during a total taking operation, and means operated by the disengaging means for releasing the manipulative member from its operated position.

2. In a machine of the class described, a totalizer, item entering means including amount keys, machine operating mechanism, cycle initiating cycles consisting of an item entering operation followed by a two cycle totaling operation.

3. In a machine of the class described, a totalizer, item entering means including amount keys, machine operating mechanism, cycle initiating means including a manipulative total control member, and means controlled Jointly by operation of an'amount key and of the total control member to cause the machine operating mechanism to cycle continuously to effect an item entering operation under control of the amount keys followed by a total taking operation under control of said total control member, when cycling is initiated by operation of the total control member directly following operation of an amount key.

4. In a machine of the class described, a totalizer, item entering means including amount keys, machine operating mechanism, cycle initiating means including a manipulative total control member, means controlled by operation of the total control member to initiate a two cycle operation of the operating mechanism to effect total taking, and means controlled Jointly by operation of an amount key and of the total control member to cause a continuous three cycle operation of the operating mechanism to effect an item entering operation followed by a total taking operation, when cycling is initiated by operation of the total control member directly following operation of an amount key.

5. In a machine of the class described, a totalizer, amount keys, machine operating mechanism, cycle initiating means including a manipulative total control member, means to retain the total control member in operated position at the end of one cycle, so that one or more additional cycles may follow immediately, means for restoring the total control member during the second cycle following operation thereof, when such operation of the total control member was not immediately preceded by operation of an amount key, and means controlled jointly by operation of an amount key and of the total control member for restoring the total control member during the third cycle instead of the second following operation thereof, when such operation was directly preceded by operation of an amount key.

6. In a machine of the class described, a totalizer, amount keys, machine operating mechanism, cycle initiating means including a manipulative total control member, means for holding the manipulative control member in operated position, means for releasing the manipulative control member from its operated position during a predetermined cycle, and means controlled by the amount keys when the latter are operated directly prior to operation of the manipulative member, for causing operation of the releasing means one cycle later.

EARLE MARQUESS. 

